Eleda wrote:Thanks Beth, I posted a reply but in the wrong place
I'll rectify it later
Same as I replied to u Mac lol I'm technology retarded sorry lol
NHMike, I tried to send u a message and I dump what I've done
Mike I've been reading up on the MSS MSI KRAS AND BRAF, TO THE POINT I'M TOTALLY CONFUSED NOW, as its adding combinations of mutations with different outcome,,,
Would u mind breaking down the main mutations and prognosis or likely treatment for the main types that I can expect to come back from hispatology
This was the last one u read and and I've a banging headace as it is from the Zelda
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3269820/
Our bodies have a genetic repair system DNA Mismatch Repair and it's impaired with certain genetic markers. When you have the problem, it's labeled as MSI. When it's normal, it's labeled as MSS. MSI can be an indicator for Lynch Syndrome.
KRAS and BRAF are gene mutations.
KRAS is a gene that provides the code for making a protein, KRAS, which is involved primarily in controlling cell division. This protein is part of the MAP kinase signaling cascade (RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK) that relays chemical signals from outside the cell to the cell's nucleus and is primarily involved in controlling cell division. KRAS is an enzyme (a GTPase) that converts a molecule called GTP into GDP. When KRAS is attached (bound) to GDP, it's in its "off" position and can't send signals to the nucleus. But when a GTP molecule arrives and binds to KRAS, KRAS is activated and sends its signal, and then it converts the GTP into GDP and returns to the "off" position.
When mutated, KRAS can act as an oncogene, causing normal cells to become cancerous. The mutations can shift the KRAS protein into the "on" position all the time. KRAS mutations are common in pancreatic, lung and colorectal cancers. These KRAS mutations are said to be somatic, because instead of coming from a parent and being present in every cell (hereditary), they are acquired during the course of a person's life and are found only in cells that become cancerous.
Tumor mutation profiling performed clinically at the MGH Cancer Center has identified KRAS mutations across a broad-spectrum of cancer types. The highest incidence of KRAS mutations have been found in pancreatic cancer (70%), colon cancer (30%), lung cancer (25%), cholangiocarcinoma (15-20%), acute myeloid leukemia (15-20%) and endometrial cancer (15-20%). Across the other major tumor types, KRAS mutations have been found in less than 10% of cases that have been tested.
https://targetedcancercare.massgeneral. ... D-(c-35G-A).aspx
There are a lot of different mutations possible in KRAS. There are gene mutations possible in the other parts of that diagram as well and those are different gene mutations. I believe that most with CRC KRAS mutations are MSS. I have KRAS G12D which is the most common CRC gene mutation. KRAS is the most common CRC gene that mutates.
There are some known aggressive gene mutations with worse potential outcomes and two of them are KRAS G12V and BRAF V600E. There are databases at Mass General Hospital and the MyCancerGenome.org where you can look at descriptions of Gene Mutations https://www.mycancergenome.org/content/ ... r/kras/34/
I don't think that it's worthwhile reading through potential gene mutations, though, unless you've had the testing to determine exactly what you have as it's a lot of worrying and you likely only have one out of potentially hundreds of mutations. Some people do have multiple mutations though but, from what I've seen, that's pretty rare. The vast majority don't get comprehensive Genomic testing though. Most get the standard treatments which don't really look at what you have exactly.
If you have more detailed or specific questions, I can try to answer them but I'm not an expert in this area - just someone that's done a lot of reading and I do get things wrong. My son does understand this stuff far better than I do but I don't like to pepper him with questions that he has to research. He's helped me with a lot of my understanding though, as he can interpret papers for me.