Postby Molly » Tue May 09, 2006 8:58 am
Oddly enough, this was in my paper this morning. I've heard of people having surgery to "pin up the goods," but have also heard of it not working. If you're planning to do something like that, research, research, research. Find a doc who's already done a zillion of these surgeries...and been successful.
By LAURAN NEERGAARD
Associated Press
Published on 5/9/2006
WASHINGTON -- A week before Carrie Lintner began radiation treatment for her cancer, doctors cut tiny holes in her abdomen and pushed her ovaries out of the way of the damaging beams.
The little-known, half-hour procedure saved her ability to have a baby, but the Michigan woman learned about it by chance.
When treating cancer in young women and men, doctors too seldom warn that some of the treatments that may save their lives may also destroy their fertility -- but there are options that offer the chance of future children, if patients act in time.
"You do need to think about it before treatment, or else it will be too late," cautions Dr. Stephanie Lee of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle.
New guidelines urge the nation's cancer doctors to tell younger patients if their pending therapy puts them at risk of infertility -- and quickly refer those who want to preserve that fertility to a reproductive specialist for help.
About 10 percent of the nation's 10 million cancer survivors were diagnosed during their reproductive years, and roughly 55,000 Americans under age 35 are diagnosed each year.
The risk of infertility depends on the type of cancer and treatment. Numerous forms of chemotherapy, high-dose body-wide radiation or radiation aimed at the pelvis, and even some surgeries can leave patients unable to procreate.
Surveys suggest only about half of oncologists properly discuss the fertility risk, possibly because their focus is more on helping patients survive than on how they'll spend their life-after-cancer years. Also complicating fertility preservation is that it can cost thousands of dollars, only sometimes covered by insurance, and typically is offered only at specialized centers.
Yet studies suggest that retaining fertility is a key goal of many patients, and doctors won't know that unless they ask, stresses Lee, who led a probe of the issue for the American Society for Clinical Oncology.
What's available to help? Most successful are sperm banking for men, and for women, freezing embryos; ovarian-moving surgery; and for cervical cancer, surgery that spares the uterus, conclude ASCO's new guidelines.
There are other experimental options, such as freezing and later reimplanting ovarian tissue -- or highly controversial options, such as using hormones to suppress ovarian function -- that patients should seek only at specialized centers or in strictly controlled clinical trials, the guidelines warn.
But even the proven methods are underutilized, the panel found.
Consider Lintner, a Kalamazoo, Mich., dentist whose Hodgkin's lymphoma returned for a second bout in February 2003, in lymph nodes near her ovaries, requiring radiation that would surely shut them down.
"I thought, 'I've been through Hodgkin's before, I can handle it," says Lintner, who immediately went on a hunt for ways to have a baby once she recovered. "I don't think fertility was the main issue except for me," she says of her local physicians.
A fertility clinic advised freezing embryos, so she delayed cancer treatment for three weeks to inject herself with the necessary hormones to collect her eggs and mix them with her husband's sperm.
But during that time, she consulted University of Michigan cancer physicians about her upcoming Hodgkin's therapy -- and a doctor mentioned the little-known surgery called ovarian transposition, offered by a colleague.
Dr. Arnold Advincula, director of Michigan's minimally invasive gynecologic surgery, made keyhole incisions below Lintner's navel. Using a robot to manipulate tiny tools, he gently pulled her ovaries behind her uterus and held them in place with a few stitches.
The uterus would shield the ovaries from four weeks of radiation.
Some surgeons move the ovaries high into the abdomen by cutting the Fallopian tubes connecting them to the uterus. The ovaries still live, preventing the early menopause that radiation normally would trigger, although women then need in vitro fertilization to use their eggs to get pregnant.
But without tube-cutting, Lintner needed no extra help getting pregnant, just time to heal. On Feb. 25, 2005, a cancer-free Lintner gave birth to a healthy daughter, Maia.
"It's a great option because it doesn't delay treatment," Advincula says -- but it's rarely performed.
Partly that's because so-called ovarian transposition helps only in cases of pelvic radiation, used for gynecologic cancers or malignancies like Hodgkin's that penetrate area lymph nodes. Partly, it's because of lack of information.
For patients, often "the last thing they worry about is their fertility," says Advincula. "It doesn't really dawn on them until after they had the treatment. There's not much I can do about it to reverse the hands of time."